The Albanian language and Arbëresh
"Arbëresh" is both the spoken and the name of the Albanians' s Italy, or those populations that have colonized southern Italy especially since 1399. Apart from the innovative features developed during the stay in Italy, is believed to be a variety of the poison Arbëresh (TOSK dialect spoken in southern Albania).
However, there are also claims that justify inflections Gheg (GEG dialect spoken in northern Albania). Arbëresh The (masculine plural) has 6 vowels: a, e, e, o, i, u. Unlike the common Albanian arbëreshe vowel system lacks the phoneme y, which is replaced by i.
The 'alphabet was standardized in the Congress of Monastir Bitola in 1908, in which it was decided to accept the Latin alphabet. From the point of view of the lexicon is a lack of words for naming abstract concepts, which over the centuries were replaced by loans of Italian or paraphrase.
differences between the 'literary arbëresh and there is poison in phonology (see the contrast of short / long vowels between) both in morphology and syntax. The arbëresh has its own form of the future (or constructed ket kat + you + present subjunctive). In many dialects arbëreshë (as Masha and Broom in the province of Campobasso) there is a building built periphrastic infinitive con pet + participio.
Rispetto all'albanese comune, l'arbëresh registra alcune caratteristiche fonologiche proprie che nel sistema consonantico sono le seguenti: c/x, c/xh, s/z, sh/zh, f/v, th/dh, h, hj/j. In molti dialetti arbëreshë c'è una tendenza alla sostituzione di a) gh per ll, come a Piana degli Albanesi, Carfizi ed Eianina; dopo u accentata ll può anche scomparire come a Greci; b) h diventa gh (fricativo) a San Demetrio Corone e Macchia Albanese.
L'evoluzione linguistica
Le parlate arbëreshe, conservatesi ed evolutesi per ben cinquecento anni, hanno avuto contatti diretti e continui tra loro e con le altre parlate della lingua dalle quali si are detached. They present themselves as linguistic islands in the middle atmosphere of romance languages, and have undergone several modifications to both the action is of Italian dialects around. For these reasons, while maintaining their phonetic structure, morphosyntactic and lexical traits, the spoken arbëreshe recorded large variations.
The huge influx of Italian and dialects novels has in fact changed the structure of language. In morphosyntax
for example there is the presence of buildings of the future with kam + infinity, the type of future habe to sing, characteristic for the Italian dialects in Puglia, Sicily, Basilicata, Calabria and Abruzzo. Examples of construction on the Italian model, first in literature, but now also attested in popular language, are also the buildings of the past with the help of Savinja verb "come" vjen thritur "is called.
The penetrating power of Italian is also noticeable in the tendency to 'economy of language and morphological changes in many forms. Some effects of high flow rate are the tendency to limit the decline, with the frequent use of names in name instead of the accusative; even more visible, is, in some cases, changing
prepositional part, where instead of i, dhi and (of) Italian.
But what characterizes most of the 'arbëresh is the lexicon, and in particular the mix with the dictionary Italian and dialect, which is already noted the use of Italian Varibobi (1724 - 1788). In fact, there are no words that exist only in spoken arbëreshe and which are mostly loans from the greek and Italian dialect. They have an issue with Albanian and Italian suffix. In Dictionary of Albanians of Italy by E. Jordan in 1963, it is estimated that only 45% of the words arbëreshë be shared with Albanian, which the neologisms created by the writers Italo-Albanian and passed into popular use would be about 15%. The remaining part of the lexicon.
General of the Yearbook Club Turing Italian shows, by the Sac. Emanuele Giordano, who are 55 albanofani countries, with 135,811 inhabitants, ed i paesi italofoni sono 40, con 182.182 abitanti.
Ufficialmente non esiste l'insegnamento della lingua Arbëreshe, tranne che per l'esistenza di una cattedra di lingua e letteratura albanese presso il liceo-ginnasio di San Demetrio Corone (CS).
A livello universitario ci sono alcune università dove si insegna lingua e letteratura albanese (Università degli studi della Calabria - Università di Napoli - Università di Bari - Università di Palermo - Università La Sapienza di Roma).
tratto da www.arbitalia.it
http://turismoinalbania.blogspot.com/2009/02/la-lingua-arberesh-e-albanese.html
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